Hardships- Various hazardous conditions (trials and tribulations) which are to be endured by the ascetic (Muni) for upholding of the path of sādhanā (ascetic conduct) and for the cause of Nirjarā (wearing off) of Karma. There are twenty- two types of Pariṣaha.
parīti-samantāt svahetubhirudīritā mārgācyavananirjarārthaṃ sādhvādibhiḥ sahyanta iti parīṣahā.
(U 2.1 ŚāVṛ Pa 72)
mārgācyavananirjarārthaṃ pariṣoḍhavyāḥ parīṣahāḥ.
(TaSū 9.8)