Dr. N.L. Kachhara
These vargana are supposed to constitute aggregates, which are not detectable directly. What is the significance of this kind of reality? We recall from $3.4 that about 70 percent of the mass- energy of the universe is in the form of so-called dark energy which is not directly associated with particles. The precise nature of dark energy is not known. The remaining 30 percent of the universe's mass-energy comes from matter, particles and mass. Around 25 percent part of this matter is supposed to be dark matter, which is not supposed to be composed of normal Standard Model particles. Experiments indicate that the dark matter forms galaxy - sized dumps under the effects of gravitational force.
We know from Jain philosophy that the total mass energy in the loka exists as vargana (energy) and their aggregates. Only a part of the last gross matter vargana exists as particles, which, according to science is 4-5 percent of the total mass- energy in the universe. All other varganas of lower and higher order constitute the remaining 95 percent mass energy (these percentage are true for universe which, according to Jain philosophy, is the middle loka as shown in chapter 6. Considering the whole loka the percentage values will change). The permanent nil varganas, which have gravitational property and escape direct detection may account for the socalled dark matter. The share of permanent nil vargana as dark matter in the universe may be 25 percent. Out of remaining 75 percent 5 percent exists as particles and 70 percent as varganas of different order and kind i.e. dark energy.
