Dr. Samani Chaitanya Pragya
It is quite clear from the preceding chapter that there are various forces in atoms. Which are responsible for the disintegration and integration of material objects by interaction between material particles.
In modern physics, the forces of interactions between the matter-particles are also supposed to be carried by other particles. Out of the four types of forces found in nature, the gravitation force, which is the weakest of the four, has practically no effect in the sythesis of sub-atomic particles into composite bodies. The electro-magnetic attraction between negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons in the nucleus binds together the constituents of an atom and is responsible for the stability of each atom. This force also binds together atoms of different elements into complex molecules of innumerable chemical compounds[66].
There is a weak nuclear force which is recently unified with electromagnetic force. Followed by the strong force which is many times greater than the electromagnetic force and which acts as the cosmic cement that binds together the sub-atomic particles of the nucleas of an atom and prevents its breaking up.
As far as Jain view is concerned, The two basic touch i.e. viscous and dry, play the most important role for the formation of smaller and larger molecules of matter.[67] The intensity of these two primary qualities varies from a single or one degree to infinite degree in different - that is, at a given moment, some atoms have a single degree of viscosity—some are with two units, some with three and so on and so forth upto infinty. At the same time, there will be some atoms with a single degree of dryness, some with two degrees and so on upto infinity.[68] A summary of the rules discussed in the fourth chapter, in respect of the synthesis of different atoms, is given below:
- Synthesis of atoms having single units of dryness or viscosity is not possible either with one another or with atoms of higher intensities.
- Synthesis of atoms having two or more units of dryness is possible with other dry atoms provided there is a difference of two or more units between them. Similarly mutual synthesis of viscous atom is possible only if the difference of their intensities is two or more units.
- Synthesis of atoms having two or more units of dryness with all viscous atoms (except those with a single unit) is possible.
The following points of similarity between the Jain view and modern science emerge from above:
The dryness and viscosity have been equated by Jains with negative and positive electric charges of elementary particles respectively.[69] The interaction of the electronic shells of neighbouring atoms in a molecule, which creates the chemical bond necessary to keep them united, is then equivalent to the interaction and union between atoms of same type of touch i.e. touch equivalent to the negative charge. The first completed shell consists of two electrons. The minimum difference between the uniting atoms of similar touch is two units. The quality of mass or heavy-light touch does not play any significant role in the process of synthesis of the sub-atomic particles or atoms in their true sense.
