Dr. N.L. Kachhara
The middle loka contains circular islands (dweeps) and oceans (samudras) alternatively placed as shown in fig 6.5. The central disk shaped island is called Jambudweep. Jambudweep is surrounded by ring shaped Lavana Ocean, which is surrounded by Dhatikikhand Island. The next ocean is Kalodaka samudra and surrounding this ocean is Pushkarvara Island. The next ocean is Pushkarvar samudra. In this way there are countless islands and oceans one after another. The last island is Swayambhuramana Island and the last ocean is Swayambhuramana Ocean. The width of each island or ocean is double the width of preceding ocean or island
The structure of entire middle loka follows an order. The Dhatikikhand has double number of mountains, rivers etc than Jambudweep. Pushkarvara island has these in double the number than Dhatikikhand and so on. A ring shaped mountain called Manushottara Mountain divides Pushkarvara Island in two circular halves of equal width. The inner half is similar to Dhatikikhand in respect of number of mountains, rivers etc. The Jambudweep, Dhatikikhand and the inner half of Pushkarvara Island together constitute what is called Two-and-Half Island (Adhai dweep). Human beings are found in this Two and Half Island part of middle loka only. No one, even monks having super natural powers, can cross the Manushottara Mountain. Dhatikikhand and inner half of Pushkarvara Island have two Bharat regions, two Airavat regions and two Videh regions each. So there are in all five Bharat regions, five Airavat regions and five Videh regions in the Two and Half Island. These regions are the lands of action. There are total of 170 lands of action in Two and Half Island. The people in a land of action (karma bhoomi) make use of weapons, writing skills, farming, trading, servicing and crafting for their living. There also exist lands of enjoyment (bhog bhoomi) where people do not use any of these skills and depend on trees and plants for their living and food. There are 126 lands of enjoyment in the Two and Half Island.
